![]() I don't think the game looks too bad, honestly, but, you know, IMO, if you want a "modern" take on System Shock you are far better off playing Prey. Originally posted by Casus:I don't know why other people hate it, but I think it looks terrible - and I think it clashes heavily with an otherwise modern looking and feeling game.Īs far as I understand it the dev team originally moved toward a more, let's say, modern look for the game (as you can see in this old pcgamer article from 2017: ) but their core audience - kickstarter backers and hardcore fans of the original - rejected that, so that's why we get what we get. I mean, if I wanted a retro experience with modern controls, there's already the Enhanced Edition - and that plays fine.īut it really does seem to be a 50/50 thing - and there's really no way to objectively define what's right or wrong here.Īll I can say is that I think it's a very, very bad decision - and I'm hoping for a texture mod of some kind ASAP.įor people who like their modern remakes with pixelated and antique assets, to each their own. Imagine something like the Dead Space Remake or the Resident Evil 4 Remake - only with 2008 or 2005 quality textures. To me, that's counter to what I would have wanted - as I was hoping for a fully modern iteration of System Shock - taking full advantage of modern hardware and the Unreal engine with the best assets that time and effort would allow for. ![]() ![]() It's like they couldn't decide if they wanted a modern game or a retro game - so they did something halfway in-between. I don't know why other people hate it, but I think it looks terrible - and I think it clashes heavily with an otherwise modern looking and feeling game. ![]()
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![]() ![]() The method list_books works the same for both classes, as there is no overriding method in the derived class. The idea in the example above is that a new book added to a BookContainer always goes to the top, but with a Bookshelf you can specify the location yourself. This is called overriding: if a derived class has a method with the same name as the base class, the derived version overrides the original in instances of the derived class. A method with the same name is defined in the base class BookContainer. The class Bookshelf contains the method add_book. Question: Write a program in Python to calcuate area of a. _init_ ( ) def add_book (self, book : Book, location : int ) : Back to Exercise List Python Exercise Program - Area of Rectangle. ![]() books : print ( f" )" ) class Bookshelf (BookContainer ) : """ This class models a shelf for books """ def _init_ (self ) : super ( ). append (book ) def list_books (self ) : for book in self. books = def add_book (self, book : Book ) : We have a Bookshelf which inherits the class BookContainer:Ĭlass Book : """ This class models a simple book """ def _init_ (self, name : str, author : str ) :Ĭlass BookContainer : """ This class models a container for books """ def _init_ (self ) : The same method works for instances of both the derived classes. email )īoth Student and Teacher inherit the Person class, so both have the traits defined in the Person class, including the method update_email_domain. update_email_domain ( "example.ex" ) print (tara. Tara = Teacher ( "Tara Teacher", , "A123", 2 ) Saul = Student ( "Saul Student", "1234", , 0 ) The basic program would be to :- codel float(input(Enter the Length of the Rectangle : )) b float(input(Enter the Breadth of the Rectangle. # Let's test our classes if _name_ = "_main_" : replace (old_domain, new_domain ) class Student (Person ) : def _init_ (self, name : str, id : str, email : str, credits : str ) :Ĭlass Teacher (Person ) : def _init_ (self, name : str, email : str, room : str, teaching_years : int ) : ![]() Knowing this, it would make sense for the Teacher and Student classes to have a common base or parent class Person:Ĭlass Person : def _init_ (self, name : str, email : str ) :ĭef update_email_domain (self, new_domain : str ) : In addition to these inherited traits a class can also contain traits which are unique to it. A class can inherit the traits of another class. Object oriented programming languages usually feature a technique called inheritance. That doesn't seem like an ideal situation, either. Simply combining all attributes in a single class would mean all instances of the class would then have unnecessary attributes, just different ones for different instances. It would be a definite improvement if we could use a single function to work with instances of both classes.īoth classes also have attributes which are unique to them. Writing practically the same thing twice is unnecessary repetition, not to mention it doubles the possibilities for errors. Here is the source code of the Python Program to Program to Find the area and perimeter. replace ( ".com", ".edu" ) def update_email2 (o : Teacher ) : C Basic Declarations and Expressions: Exercise-5 with Solution. ![]() ![]() ![]() Playing it you will see the culmination of everything that Core has worked on over the years. The Last Revelation was initially going to be the last game in the series, but after a fan backlash, Core Design changed its decision. Also, it’s one of the most popular games on the original PlayStation. It’s widely available on both Steam and GOG and can be run on several modern OS. If you’re playing games in chronological order (by release), then you will start to see the small improvements and the begging of the overall vision that Core Design had for the franchise. The graphics may seem primitive, and the “tank controls” may take you time to get used to, but underneath all that is a fun game. Lara can also drive vehicles, and this would be the speedboat at the Venice level. In the classic Core Design fashion there are also new moves, such as ladder climbing and 180-degree turns when swimming or jumping. There are new weapons that Lara can use, such as the M16, a grenade launcher, and a harpoon gun. However, there are enough original and unique puzzles, that offer new challenges to overcome. The overall presentation and controls haven’t improved, so much so that they got expanded a bit, which is no surprise considering a one-year difference between the two games. The second game in the series, has Lara searching for a magical Dagger of Xian, which is also being looked for by an Italian cult. Overall, I would suggest playing both this game and the original one, to see how far the series has gone, and also to compare notes. ![]() Moreover, if you’re a completionist type or player there are plenty of things to collect, which will be viewable in the mansion. With excellent graphics and a soundtrack, this game is a perfect introduction to the series. The only thing that is done differently is that some of the boss battles are done through quick-time events, as opposed to the original where you would shoot them until they die. Even the cutscenes are remade 1:1, most of the time. Each level and the puzzle are still there, even the enemy placement is relatively unchanged. This is a particularly difficult thing to achieve, but Anniversary is in most cases exactly, what you would imagine by playing the original game. It follows the original story, and the feel of the original is still there. Jumps and other acrobatics are much easier to plan out and execute. This time a more modern approach is taken, where Lara moves around freely, and you get an over-the-shoulder look while aiming. The gameplay is more user-friendly, and long are the days of “tank controls”. The overall gameplay is the same as in Legend, but it’s player friendly enough to make it enjoyable for new players. TR: Anniversary was developed by Crystal Dynamics, right after Tomb Raider: Legend. Why not just list the original games instead? Well, it’s in large part due to accessibility, and this is a very good remake of the original game. Now, you may be wondering why is the remake of the first game, listed as the first game on the list. ![]() ![]() ![]() The wood backdrop stand’s construction, on the other hand, is good news for anyone concerned about stability - the wood version has a strong base that accommodates heavier backdrops and is easier to weigh or stakedown as necessary.Įither backdrop stand version can be made with basic tools from your local hardware store - like a PVC cutter or a handsaw - in a few simple steps. Now the question you may have is - which backdrop stand is better? The PVC pipe version is an excellent choice for those short on time and money - it’s a great, portable backdrop for amateur photographers and DIY photo booths. To put up a curtain or hang things like 9-foot rolls of seamless paper on the wood backdrop stand, you’ll want to use strong clamps at the top for the best results. The PVC Backdrop stand can accommodate a curtain or curtain hooks on its top pipe. I made both of mine eight feet wide, as I feel a wide backdrop is a lot easier to take photos and videos in front of. Either stand can be made at different sizes and will accommodate a cloth backdrop or something more substantial. These DIY backdrop stands are great with fabric backdrops for photo shoots in both a home studio or photo studio. Here is how I used my wood DIY backdrop stand to hold my paper flower wall - it’s strong, stable, and looks amazing! This is my new backdrop to use in my photos and videos! We came up with an ingenious design with a built-in locking mechanism for this wood backdrop - this is an original design for our own DIY backdrop. ![]() The wood version is very heavy duty and is perfect for our studio work. Need a banner stand? Just shorten the width of the horizontal PVC pipes and you’ve got one with little effort.Īnd here is the 8’x8′ wood backdrop stand that is more stable and better suited toward heavier things like the panels of a paper flower wall. The PVC version is a lightweight stand that is arguably the most easy DIY backdrop stand to make! And the best part is that you get an adjustable width and height simply by using a different length of PVC pipe. Here is the 8’x7′ PVC pipe backdrop stand that is perfect for lightweight things, such as fabric curtains and photography backdrops. Both can breakdown for easy transport, too! I used my wood backdrop stand to support my large paper flower backdrop and it does a marvelous job, but you can also use these backdrop stands for product shoots, portrait photos, and even studio lighting! I can show you how to make a backdrop stand for photography, weddings, graduations, and more with my tutorial. I’ve made a PVC pipe stand that is 8 feet wide by 7 feet tall, as well as a wood backdrop stand that is 8 feet wide by 8 feet tall. Whether you’re a photographer, a party planner, or home decorator, sometimes you just need an easy and sturdy backdrop stand! You can make these yourself from either PVC pipes or wood and in virtually any dimensions you need. Learn how to make a DIY backdrop stand that meets your needs from start to finish! Easy Paper Craft Ideas & Projects Expand. ![]() ![]() ![]() In November 2021 she became the captain of the team, with 197 caps and 4. This dismissal was argued for the failure to achieve sporting objectives. She played in Spain's youth teams from 2003 to 2007, making her debut with the senior team at 19 in 2006. The heartbreaking story of Marta Xargay: she suffered bulimia due to the abuse of Lucas Mondelo Augby Terrence Terrence This past Saturday Lucas Mondelo was dismissed as national women’s basketball coach. She is back to play in Spain for Perfumerías Avenida since 2015. She made history one season later, when playing for Russian club UMMC Ekaterinburg she won the 2012–13 EuroLeague, making it three in a row with three clubs. She spent her next season at the other top Spanish of the moment, Ros Casares Valencia, winning the 2011–12 EuroLeague. Baloncesto femenino Marta Xargay sufri bulimia por culpa de Lucas Mondelo: 'Me deca que estaba gorda' La exjugadora de la seleccin espaola, Marta Xargay, ha confesado el maltrato. El jutjat de 1a Instncia de Madrid rebutja la demanda que Lucas Mondelo va presentar contra Marta Xargay i Anna Cruz per difamaci, en la qu l’entrenador demanava 200.000 euros d’indemnitzaci per les declaracions de les dues jugadores l’estiu passat a El Pas, en les que les dues jugadores asseguraven haver estat maltractat psicolgicament per l’exseleccionador espanyol. She moved to Madrid to play for CB Estudiantes at 17, before being transferred to CB Avenida in 2006, becoming a key figure of the team as well as captain, winning the 2010–11 EuroLeague. ![]() She won three EuroLeague Women and multiple medals for Spain.ĭomínguez played basketball from a very young age in school clubs in or around Barcelona and Badalona. Silvia Domínguez Fernández (born 31 January 1987) is a Spanish basketball player for Perfumerías Avenida and the Spain women's national basketball team. ![]() ![]() ![]() Now let's look at the interval based on the individual predictions of individual trees (we should expect these to be wider since the random forest does not benefit from the assumptions (which we know to be true for this data) that the linear regression does): library(randomForest)įit2 <- randomForest(y ~ x1 + x2, ntree=1001) We can see there is some uncertainty in the estimated means (confidence interval) and that gives us a prediction interval that is wider (but includes) the 8 to 12 range. (pred.lm.pi <- predict(fit1, newdat, interval='prediction')) (pred.lm.ci <- predict(fit1, newdat, interval='confidence')) Let's look at the intervals from regression: fit1 <- lm(y ~ x1 * x2) Any estimated prediction interval should be wider than this (not having perfect information adds width to compensate) and include this range. This means that the 95% prediction interval based on perfect knowledge for these points would be from 8 to 12 (well actually 8.04 to 11.96, but rounding keeps it simpler). We know from the "true" model that when both predictors are 0 that the mean is 10, we also know that the individual points follow a normal distribution with standard deviation of 1. This particular data follows the assumptions for a linear regression and is fairly straight forward for a random forest fit. We can see some of the issues around prediction intervals by simulating data where we know the exact truth. Other things that would affect the width of the prediction interval are assumptions about equal variance or not, this has to come from the knowledge of the researcher, not the random forest model.Ī prediction interval does not make sense for a categorical outcome (you could do a prediction set rather than an interval, but most of the time it would probably not be very informative). The prediction interval should be wider where the corresponding confidence interval would also be wider. But the prediction interval is completely dependent on the assumptions about how the data is distributed given the predictor variables, CLT and bootstrapping have no effect on that part. The confidence interval is fairy robust due to the Central Limit Theorem and in the case of a random forest, the bootstrapping helps as well. Generally the prediction interval has 2 main pieces that determine its width, a piece representing the uncertainty about the predicted mean (or other parameter) this is the confidence interval part, and a piece representing the variability of the individual observations around that mean. Remember what a prediction interval is, it is an interval or set of values where we predict that future observations will lie. ![]() The scenario mentioned in the top-voted answer will only occur when every leaf of all trees have data points belonging to only one class in them.This is partly a response to Dareddy (since it will not fit in a comment) and partly a response to the original post. right leaf in 2nd child split has 75% yellow so prediction probability of class yellow will be 75%. ![]() Look at this image of a single decision tree to understand what it means to have different classes within the leaf. A single tree calculates the probability by looking at the distribution of different classes within the leaf. In other words, since Random Forest is a collection of decision trees, it predicts the probability of a new sample by averaging over its trees. The class probability of a single tree is the fraction of samples of the same class in a leaf. I am afraid the top-voted answer isn't correct (at least for the latest sklearn implementation).Īccording to the docs, the probability of prediction is computed as the mean predicted class probabilities of the trees in the forest. Is there any way to get the next 5 digit for example? The first issue is that the results represent the probabilities of the labels without being affected by the size of my data? The second issue is that the results show only one digit which is not very specific in some cases where the 0.701 probability is very different from 0.708. However, I have two main issues with the results about which I am not confident. Where the second column is for class: Spam. Predictions = classifier.predict_proba(Xtest) Instead of having Spam/Not Spam as labels of emails, I wish to have only for example: 0.78 probability a given email is Spam.įor such purpose, I'm using predict_proba() with RandomForestClassifier as following: clf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=10, max_depth=None, Sometimes I need to have the probabilities of labels/classes instead of the labels/classes themselves. ![]() ![]() ![]() WhatsApp Messenger An icon of the Whatsapp messenger app logo. Facebook Messenger An icon of the Twitter app logo. Facebook Messenger An icon of the facebook messenger app logo. Loading Spinner An icon of a loading spinner. Success Tick Timeout An icon of a greyed out success tick. ![]() Information An icon of an information logo. Speech Bubble Icon A icon displaying a speech bubble WhatsApp An icon of the WhatsApp logo. Video Camera An icon of a video camera shape. Previous An icon of an arrow pointing to the left. Notice An explanation mark centred inside a circle. Next An icon of an arrow pointing to the right. Hamburger Menu Icon An icon used to represent a collapsed menu. Search Icon A magnifying glass icon that is used to represent the function of searching. Magnifying Glass An icon of a magnifying glass. Comments An icon of a speech bubble, denoting user comments. ![]() Close Icon An icon used to represent where to interact to collapse or dismiss a component Comment An icon of a speech bubble. Breaking An icon of an exclamation mark on a circular background. Pause Icon A two-lined pause icon for stopping interactions. Is Not Public An icon of a human eye and eyelashes with a diagonal line through it. Is Public An icon of a human eye and eyelashes. Telephone An icon of a traditional telephone receiver. Profile An icon that resembles human head and shoulders. Linked In An icon of the Linked In "in" mark. Facebook An icon of the Facebook "f" mark. Caret An icon of a block arrow pointing to the right. Cancel An icon of a circle with a diagonal line across. ![]() ![]() ![]() Zone 3: proximal diaphyseal fractures, also called dancer’s fracture.Zone 2: fractures at the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction, or Jones fracture.This system classifies fractures into three zones: A system known as the Lawrence and Botte classification is most frequently used today. Researchers have developed a classification system to help define the different types of fifth metatarsal fractures according to their location. ![]() People who have obesity or who experience sudden extreme weight gain may also be at risk of a stress fracture in the fifth metatarsal because the excess weight puts stress on the foot. ![]() It’s the result of overuse or repetitive actions, especially when you don’t allow yourself time to heal between activities. This is called a stress or hairline fracture. Repetitive stress from activities such as running, dancing, or sports such as soccer and basketball can lead to an eventual break in the fifth metatarsal over time. suddenly changing direction while running, walking, or dancing.landing awkwardly on the foot while jumping.getting the foot crushed in a football tackle.InjuryĪ fifth metatarsal fracture can be caused by an injury. In some cases, the fracture happens more slowly over time as stress on the foot builds up from repeated use. Sometimes they’re a result of trauma or injury. E.Causes of fractures of the 5th metatarsalįractures of the fifth metatarsal can happen to anyone, but they’re more common in athletes and dancers. Athletes should consider and speak with their podiatrist about modifications to their training program.Wear a supportive shoe at all times with appropriate arch support.Kinetic Orthotics can help prevent this condition by reducing the strain on the metatarsal bones.Surgery is rarely but occasionally needed where a screw is inserted into the bone to help it heal.ĭan Everson Podiatry recommends the following activities to help prevent Metatarsal Stress Fractures.Protective footwear with more supportive soles to relief stress to the area.A cast or brace for severe cases where a fracture or displacement is likely.Crutches to avoid weight bearing on the affected foot.Sticking to low impact activities such as swimming, bike riding or running in the water during the healing process.Your podiatrist will guide you to the degree of rest required, depending on the nature and severity of your fracture.īelow is a selection of other treatments Dan Everson Podiatry recommends for this condition: People with Metatarsal Stress Fractures must ensure they rest the area as much as possible. X-rays may be recommended for severe cases or at a later stage of the injury. Diagnosisĭan Everson Podiatry can diagnose a Metatarsal Stress Fracture through an examination of the area along with a bone scan that will provide a precise image of the fracture and can confirm the injury in very early stages. Swelling and tenderness around the area is often also experienced, with a sharp pain felt when pressure is applied to the metatarsal. When nerve sensation in the feet is weakened due to neurological issues such as diabetes.Ī person with a Metatarsal Stress Fracture will often experience a progressive pain in the front foot that gets worse when undergoing activities which bear weight on the foot such as walking and running.When the metatarsal bones weaken due to weakening of the bones through conditions such as osteoporosis.When the foot rolls inwards excessively during walking or running, which results in the lower leg also turning inwards.Not allocating enough rest time between activities or suddenly increasing the.The foot being stepped on or kicked, or having something dropped onto it.Landing on a hard surface from a height.Poor quality footwear that doesn’t provide enough support.A second toe being longer than the first.Excessive weight bearing activities such as running, sprinting, jumping or dancing.The most common causes of this condition are: With appropriate care management, most people recover fully from a fracture of this type within three to nine months. Metatarsal Stress Fractures are often caused by contact sports, and can be experienced by athletes, dancers and runners. The second metatarsal (closest to the big toe) is most often impacted, as this is the bone that absorbs the most pressure during movement. When the pulling forces placed on these bones through the attached muscles becomes excessive, damage to the bones can gradually occur or can be caused by a sudden force that can result in a Metatarsal Stress Fracture. ![]() Weight bearing activity places weight through the metatarsal bones. A Metatarsal Stress Fracture is a common injury impacting athletes and is caused by an incomplete crack in one of the metatarsal bones of the forefoot. ![]() ![]() Create and initialize a BSTR string by using a CComBSTR object. Using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices Create a _bstr_t string, display the result, and indicate the use this string to create other types of strings. Create a string of wide characters, display it, and then Create and display a C-style string, and then use it compile with: /clr /Zc:twoPhase- /link comsuppw.lib Single byte and multibyte character ( MBCS) functions can operate on char * strings.įor information about running and debugging this example, see Run the examples. In the examples below, char * strings are sometimes referred to as multibyte character strings because of the string data that results from converting from wide Unicode strings. C-style strings usually require 1 byte per character, but can also use 2 bytes. A char * string (also known as a C-style string) uses a terminating null to indicate the end of the string. This example demonstrates how to convert from a char * to the string types listed above. ![]() Turn on /ASSEMBLYDEBUG: Project properties > Linker > Debugging > Debuggable Assembly > Yes (ASSEMBLYDEBUG).Set the debugger type to mixed: Project Properties > Debugging > Debugger Type > Mixed (.NET framework).Turn off /JMC (Just My Code debugging): Project Properties > C/C++ > General > Support Just My Code Debugging > No.Exchange /Zi (Debug information format) for /Z7: Project Properties > C/C++ > General > Debug Information Format > C7 compatible.Turn off /EHs (Exception handling model): Project Properties > C/C++ > Code Generation > Enable C++ Exceptions > No. ![]() Turn off /RTC1 (Set Basic Runtime Checks to Default): Project Properties > C/C++ > Code Generation > Basic Runtime Checks > Default.The following links provide instructions for where in the IDE you can turn off the conflicting switches: The /clr switch conflicts with some compiler switches that are set when you create a C++ Windows Console App project. Add the /clr and /Zc:twoPhase- command line arguments to Project Properties > C++ > Command Line > Additional Options.If you create a new C++ Windows Console app to run the examples, make the following project changes: However, you'll need to add #include "pch.h" to the top of each example.Įither way, add comsuppw.lib to Project Properties > Linker > Input > Additional Dependencies. If you create a CLR Console App, you don't have to make the following changes to the compiler and debugger settings. Or, if you've installed C++/CLI support, you can create a CLR Console App (.NET Framework). To run the examples in Visual Studio 2022, you can create a new C++ Windows Console App. Any changes made to the new string won't affect the original string, and vice versa.įor more background information about converting narrow and wide strings, see Converting between narrow strings and wide strings. In all cases, a copy of the string is made when converted to the new type. The strings types that are covered include char *, wchar_t*, _bstr_t, CComBSTR, CString, basic_string, and System.String. For more information on each of the grey boxes, see the help page.This article shows how to convert various Visual C++ string types into other strings. You can use checkboxes alongside many boxes to tweak the results. ![]() You will then see the conversion results in the grey boxes. You should also ensure that the checkbox next to Convert \n etc is selected, in order to convert the \n and \t escapes.Īfter selecting those options, click on the Convert button. Note, however, that this (unusually convoluted) text represents two characters using just a code point number – therefore, for this particular example, you should select Treat bare numbers as Hex code points (or decimal) to convert those numbers as well as the other escapes. Normally you would simply click on the Convert button just above the field to show the various escape formats below. The text in the field with a green background currently contains a variety of escapes. ![]() selects all the text in a box (useful for deleting), and copies the text to the clipboard, if your browser supports that. You can then cut & paste the results into your document. You can also do the same in any grey box, if you want to target only certain types of escaped text. Alternative representations will appear in all the other boxes. Type or paste text in the green box and click on the Convert button above it. ![]() ![]() "That is very, very tricky because it would mean that you need to position your next pellet during the time that the cloud expands in the vessel," Yves Martin, the deputy director of the Swiss Plasma Center at the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland, told Live Science. This fuel, however comes in the form of discrete pellets, and scientists have yet to figure out how to replace them quickly enough to maintain a reaction for longer than the tiniest fraction of a second. On the other hand, inertial confinement systems like the NIF reactor, which also operates to test thermonuclear explosions for military purposes, generate bursts of energy by quickly burning one tiny chunk of fuel after another. ![]() But, despite edging ever closer, tokamaks have yet to create a net energy gain from their plasmas. Magnetic confinement reactors, known as tokamaks, aim to keep the plasma continuously burning for prolonged periods of time (ITER's goal is to do this for up to 400 seconds). The varying reactor types reflect different strategies for overcoming fusion's intimidating technical barriers. At ITER, the field confining the burning plasma will be 280,000 times as strong as the one around Earth. (Image credit: Science History Images/Alamy Stock Photo) How fusion reactors workĮxisting fusion reactors can be split into two broad categories: inertial confinement reactors like the NIF's, which contain the hot plasma with lasers or particle beams, and magnetic confinement reactors, such as the U.K.-based Joint European Torus (JET), Europe's upcoming International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), and China's Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), which sculpt the plasma into various torus shapes with strong magnetic fields. The National Ignition Facility's fusion reactor uses 192 laser beams to focus laser light into a hot-spot the diameter of a human hair. ![]() |
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